INTERNATIONAL MORSE ALPHABET
Morse alphabet is a combination of duration of long and short signals - dashes and dots. Duration of dash is as long as three dots. Interval between dashes or dots equals one dot.

The keys for sending Morse signals

PROCEDURAL ABBREVIATIONS USED TOGETHER WITH Q - CODE AND OTHER ABBREVIATIONS DURING EXCHANGE OF TELEGRAMS IN CODE (Morse letters are run together in this case)

V V V - test letter - sygnaly wywolawcze - próbne
CQ - calling any station - wolam kazda (którakolwiek) radiostacje
DE - from - od (nadawca)
K    - invitation to transmit, go! - prosze nadawac
BK - invite receiving station to transmit - slucham, twoja kolejka
KN - "(" - invite a specific station to transmit - slucham wolanej stacji
SK - end of contact - zakonczenie polaczenia
AS - please stand by - prosze sluchac dalej
AS 5 - wait 5 minutes - prosze zaczekac 5 minut
PSE - please - prosze
HH - an error - pomylka!
SRI - sorry - przepraszam
IMI - "?" - the question mark, say again, repeat - (pytajnik) nie rozumiem
RPT - please repeat - prosze powtórzyc
TKS - thanks - dziekuje
VE - message understood - wiadomosc zrozumiala
BT - "=" - separation mark. Used at the end of a sentence when the next sentence will pertain to a different topic - oddzielacz. Uzywa sie na koncu zdania gdy nastepne sygnaly dotycza innego tematu.
AAA - the period. Used at the end of a sentence when the next sentence will pertain to the same subject - kropka. Uzywana na koncu zdania gdy nastepne sygnaly dotycza tego samego tematu.
R   - all received OK - odebralem, wszystko odebrane
AR - "+" - over, end of message - koniec wiadomosci, slucham
73 / 88 - most friendly greetings and hugs - najserdeczniejsze pozdrowienia
i usciski
VA - end of transmission - zakonczenie transmisji
CL - going off the air, clear - wylaczam nadajnik (skrót bardzo rzadko uzywany przez nas). Sygnaly Morse'a nadaje sie oddzielnie w wypadku CL.

Semi-automatic Morse key that I used. Manufactured by "Vibroplex" and named BUG (buzzing insect?).

INTERNATIONAL Q - CODE
Q-codes take the form of a question when followed by the question mark ?

QRG? = Tell me my exact frequency in kilocycles per second?
QRG   =Your exact frequency is ... kc.

QRH = Does my frequency vary?
Your frequency varies.

QRI = How is the tone of my transmission?
The tone of your transmission is: 1. good, 2. variable, 3. bad

QRJ = Are you receiving me badly?
I cannot receive you. Your signals are too weak.

QRK = What is the readability of my signals?
The readability of your signals is: (0. nil), 1. bad, 2. poor, 3. fair, 4. good, 5. excellent

QRL = Are you busy?
I am busy. Please wait.

QRM = Do you have interference?
Your transmission is being interfered by other transmitters:
1. nil, 2. slightly, 3. moderately, 4. severely, 5. extremely.

QRN = Are you troubled by static (atmospheric noise)?
I am troubled by static (1 - 5, as under QRM).

QRO = Shall I increase power?
Please increase power.

QRP = Shall I decrease power?
Decrease your power.

QRQ = Shall I send faster?
Send faster ( ... WPM - words per min.).

QRS = Shall I send more slowly?
Will you transmit more slowly (... WPM).

QRT = Shall I stop sending?
Discontinue transmission.

QRU = Have you any messages for me?
I have no more messages.

QRV = Are you ready?
I am ready.

QRW = Shall I inform ... that you are calling him on ... kc?
Please inform ... that I am calling him on ... kc.

QRX = When will you call me again?
I will call you again at ... (hours) on ... kc.

QRZ = Who is calling me?
You are being called by ... on ... kc.

QSA = What is the strength of my signals?
The strength of your signals is: 1. very weak, 2. weak, 3. fair, 4. good,
5. very good.

QSB = Are my signals fading?
Your signals are fading.

QSG = Shall I transmit ... telegrams at a time?
Transmit ... telegrams (or one telegram) at a time.

QSK = Can you hear me in between your signals
(and if so, can I break in on your transmission)?
I can hear you between my signals (break in on my transmission).

QSL = Can you confirm receipt of messages?
I am confirming receipt of messages.

QSM = Shall I repeat the last telegram I sent you or some previous telegrams?
Repeat the last telegram (or telegrams nos ...) you sent me.

QSO = Can you communicate with ...?
I can communicate with ... (direct or through ...).

QSP = Will you relay my message to ...?
I will send your message to ... (call sign).

QSV = Shall I send a series of V's on this frequency (or on ... kc)?
Please send a series of V's on this frequency (or on ... kc).

QSX = Will you listen to ... (call sign) on ... kc?
I will listen to ... (call sign) on ... kc.

QSY = Shall I change frequency to ... kc?
Change frequency to ... kc.

QSZ = Shall I send each word or group twice?
Send each word or group twice (or ... times).

QTA = Shall I cancel message nr ...?
Cancel message number ... as if had not been sent.

QTC = Have you any messages?
I have ... messages for you (or for ... ).

QTH = What is your position (location)?
My position (location) is ...

QTR = What is the correct time?
The correct time is ... hours (GMT).

INTERNATIONAL MORSE CODE ABBREVIATIONS

AA = all after
AB = all before
ABT = about
ADR = address
AGN = again
AM = amplitude modulation
ANI = any
ANS = answer
ANT = antenna
ARND = around
AS = stand by
BCI = broadcast interference
BCNU = be seeing you
BD = bad
BK = break, I'm back, back to you
BN = all between, been
BTH = both
BTR = better
BUG = semi-automatic key
C  = yes, correct
CFM = confirm, I confirm
CK = check
CKT = circuit
CL = closing down station (my call)
CLD = called
CLG = calling
CLR = clear (usually re: weather)
CMG = coming
CNT = can't
CNTCT = contact
CONDS conditions
CPI, CPY = copy
CQ = calling any station
CS = call sign, call letters
CU = see you
CUD = could
CUL = see you later
CUM = come
CUZ = because
CW = continuous wave
DA = day
DE = from, this is
DIFF = difference
DLR, DLD = deliver, delivered
DN, DWN = down
DR = dear
DX = distance
ES = and
FB = fine business, excellent, OK
FER = for
FM = from, frequency modulation
FWD = forward
FT = feet
GA = go ahead, good afternoon
GB =good-bye, god bless
GD = good, good day
GE = good evening
GG = going
GL = good luck
GLD = glad
GM = good morning
GN = gone, good night
GND = ground
GUD, GVG = give, giving
HH = error in sending
HI = laughter, smile, high
HPE = hope
HQ = headquarters
HR = here, hear, hour
HRD = heard
HV = have
HVG = having
HVY = heavy
HW = how, how is, how copy?
K  = invitation to transmit, go ahead
MA = milliamperes

MI = my
MILS = milliamperes
MNI = many
MSG = message
N  = no, incorrect, negative
NIL = nothing, I have nothing for you
NM = nothing more, no more
NR = near, number
NW = now, I resume transmission
OB, OC = old boy, old chap
OK = all correct, fine
OP = operator
PBL = probable, preamble
PSE = please
PSN = position
PT = point
PWR = power
PX = press
R  = received OK, roger, right
RCD = receive, received
RE = regarding, concerning
REF = refer, referring to, reference
RFI = radio frequency interference
RIQ = radio equipment
RPT = repeat, report
RST = readability strength, tone rating
RX = receiver
SA = say
SED = said
SHD, SHUD = should
SIG = signal, signature
SKED = schedule
SN = soon
SRI = sorry
SSB = single side band
STN = station
SUM = some
SVC = service, prefix to service message
T  = zero (with numbers)
TFC = traffic, messages
TKS, TNX = thanks
TMW = tomorrow
TR = transmit
TT = that
TTS = that is
TU = thank you
TX = transmit, transmitter
TXT = text
U  = you
UR, URS = your, you are, yours
VFO = variable frequency oscillator
VY = very
W = watts
WA = word(s) after
WB = word(s) before
WRD(S) = word, words
WID = with
WK, WKD = work, weak, worked
WKG = working
WL = will, we'll, well
WPM = words per minute
WUD = would
WX = weather
XCVR = transceiver
XMAS = Christmas
XMTR = transmitter
XTAL = crystal
XYL = married young lady, wife
YR(S) = year(s)
X  = resistance

33 = fondest regards
55 = best success
73 = the most heartfelt greetings
88 = hugs and kisses

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